Last updated: 8th February 2020
- When I did a review for Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, the idea of using the Pi 4 for server applications is clear. Since Raspbian Buster Lite was released alongside the Pi 4, we can use it for new Raspberry Pi server projects. If you are thinking of building Raspberry Pi server projects, then you may want to follow through this article to help you get started.
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When I did a review for Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, the idea of using the Pi 4 for server applications is clear.
Since Raspbian Buster Lite was released alongside the Pi 4, we can use it for new Raspberry Pi server projects.
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If you are thinking of building Raspberry Pi server projects, then you may want to follow through this article to help you get started.
Recommended hardware build for your Raspberry Pi server project
In case you have not got your Pi yet, you may want to consider buying the following hardware:
- Raspberry Pi 4B aluminium heatsink armor case with dual fans or one of the Raspberry Pi 4B cases with cooling mechanisms
- Gigabit Ethernet Cable (If you want to connect your Pi to an Ethernet network)
In addition to the list of recommended hardware, you will need a computer with an SD card writer.
Downloading a copy of Raspbian Buster Lite onto your computer
When you have the hardware for your Raspberry Pi server, proceed to Raspbian download page to download Raspbian Buster Lite:
Installing Raspbian Buster Lite image onto your microSD card
After you had downloaded Raspbian Buster Lite, insert your microSD card into the SD card writer of your computer.
Once you had done so, start balenaEtcher and use it to flash the contents of the .zip
file onto your microSD card:
Enabling SSH server when Raspbian Buster Lite boots for the first time
In order to remotely administer your Raspberry Pi server, you will need to enable the SSH server.
So how do you enable SSH server when Raspbian Buster Lite boots for the first time?
First, reinsert your microSD card to your computer. When your computer loads up your microSD card, simply copy a blank file named as ssh into the root directory of your microSD card:
Connecting Raspbian Buster Lite to your WiFi network on first boot
If you had decided that your Raspberry Pi server will connect wirelessly to your home network, then you may want it to do so on first boot.
When that happens, you will be able to remotely administer your Raspberry Pi server over wireless connection. This is especially useful if you are setting up a Raspberry Pi Zero W or Raspberry Pi Model 3A+ as the server.
So how do you get your Raspberry Pi to connect to your WiFi network on first boot?
In order to do so, prepare a file named wpa_supplicant.conf with content similar to the following:
The name of your wireless network is represented by 'ssid'.
The password to connect to your wireless network is represented by 'psk'.
The communication protocol used by your router is represented by 'proto'. Some acceptable values are WPA and RSN.
The key management protocol used by your router is represented by 'key_mgmt'. Some acceptable values are 'WPA-PSK' and 'WPA-EAP'.
The values for 'proto' and 'key_mgmt' are commonly set to WPA and WPA-PSK.
Once you had created your own version of wpa_supplicant.conf for your network, copy it to the root directory of your microSD card:
wpa_supplicant.conf highlighted'>
Booting your Raspbian Buster Lite on your Raspberry Pi
At this point in time, you are ready to boot up your Raspbian Buster Lite on your Raspberry Pi.
First, remove the microSD card from your computer and put it into the SD card slot on your your Raspberry Pi.
After that, attach the power adapter to your Raspberry Pi. If you are using the Ethernet cable, connect it to your Raspberry Pi too. Once you had connected the peripherals to your Pi, supply power to the power adapter.
Finding the IP address of your Raspberry Pi
When your Raspberry Pi boots up, it should be able to get an IP address from your home router.
Since multicast DNS is supported out-of-the-box by the Avahi service on Raspbian, you can ping raspberrypi.local
to get your freshly minted Raspbian box to respond with its IP address.
Given that, start a terminal program on a computer that is connected to the same network as your Raspberry Pi. After that, run the following command in the terminal program:
When your Raspberry Pi has an IP address, it should respond with the content similar to the following:
Given that input, you can deduce that your Raspberry Pi had gotten 192.168.1.114 as the IP address.
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Even if your Raspberry Pi does not respond with the IP address, you can access your home router's control panel to find the IP address of your Raspberry Pi. If you do not find an entry with raspberrypi as the hostname, you may want to double-check your network configurations.
Connecting to your Raspbian Buster Lite via SSH
Once you got the IP address of your Raspberry Pi, you can configure your Raspberry Pi via SSH.
Since, the default user is pi and the default password is raspberry, we will be able to get into our Raspberry Pi with the following command:
After you had run the command, enter raspberry as the password to login to Raspbian Buster Lite.
Changing the default password of the user
When you login to Raspbian Buster Lite for the first time, it will prompt you to change the default password password:
If you want to take that advice, you can change the password of the pi user by entering the following command:
After entering raspberry as the current password and your new password twice, you will be able to change the password of the pi user.
Configuring the locale settings
Next, configure the locale settings for your Raspbian Buster Lite. To do so, start the Raspberry Pi Software Configuration Tool with the following command:
When the Raspberry Pi Software Configuration Tool starts, follow through the screens to install your locale settings:
(Press space to select the locale to install and enter to move to next screen)
After exiting raspi-config
, open up /etc/default/locale
with nano:
Once nano
loads up /etc/default/locale
, change its content to the following:
Once you are done with the changes, press Ctrl-X, Y and Enter to save the changes.
When you do so, the locale settings for Raspbian Buster Lite will persist through system reboots.
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Changing Timezone
If your Raspberry Pi does not reside in the British Summer Time timezone, then you may want to change the timezone of your Raspberry Pi.
In order to do so, start the Raspberry Pi Software Configuration Tool again:
When raspi-config
starts, you can change the Timezone of your Raspberry Pi. For example, if I want to change my Timezone to Singapore's timezone, I will go through the following screens:
Once you had configured the Timezone, restart Raspbian Buster Lite with the following command:
When your Raspbian Buster Lite comes back again, it will take your locale configurations.
Changing the hostname
If you intend to deploy several Raspberry Pis in your home, you may want to give each of them a unique hostname.
When you want to change the hostname of your Raspberry Pi, you can use the Raspberry Pi Software Configuration Tool.
After you have logged into your Raspbian Buster Lite, run the following command to start the Raspberry Pi Software Configuration Tool again:
When raspi-config starts, follow through the following screens to change the hostname of your Raspberry Pi:
After your Raspberry Pi had restarted, it will take the new hostname that you had provided.
About Clivant
Clivant a.k.a Chai Heng enjoys composing software and building systems to serve people. He owns techcoil.com and hopes that whatever he had written and built so far had benefited people. All views expressed belongs to him and are not representative of the company that he works/worked for.
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The city of Manaus concentrates some of the largest and most important electronics manufacturers in Brazil. In this article we will list some of the largest electronics manufacturers located in Manaus.
Manaus Industrial Pole
Due to the comprehensive tax exemptions offered to companies installed in the area, the Manaus Free Trade Zone contains some of the largest manufacturing complexes in Brazil, with industries ranging from metallurgy and chemical processing to high technology equipment manufacturing.
According to data by Suframa, or the Superintendency of the Free Trade Zone of Manaus, the sector of electronics manufacturing is the one that manages the largest workforce and is also the one that receives the most investment across all segments. Of the 234 registered companies in the industrial district, 46 are responsible for the manufacturing of electronics, with a total number of over 27 thousand employees.
Some of these manufacturing complexes cater to supplying not only the already large Brazilian market but also other countries in Latin America, such as Argentina, Venezuela and Colombia. Statistics from 2010 by Suframa indicate that exports of products manufactured in the Manaus Free Trade Zone account for over USD 450 million, as TV sets, cell phones, car audio equipment and domestic appliances were found to be the products with the largest exports to other territories.
Largest Manufacturing Plants
The largest manufacturers of electronics in the Manaus Free Trade Zone include some of the most notorious players in the national and international markets.
Cal-Comp
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Taiwan headquartered electronics manufacturer Cal-Comp operates two facilities in Manaus, with a combined number of over 900 employees. The manufacturing plants are responsible for the assembly of circuit boards, production of hard disk drive components and media player parts.
CCE
Brazilian electronics manufacturer, owned by Chinese giant Lenovo, operates two facilities in Manaus, with a combined number of 4100 employees. The manufacturing plants production line includes portable computers, desktops, tablets, motherboards, memory modules, assembly of circuit boards, smartphones, TV sets and media players.
Digitron
Brazilian electronics manufacturer Digitron operates a production complex in Manaus, employing close to 170 collaborators. The manufacturing plant produces portable computers, hard disk drive parts, assembly of circuit boards and satellite signal receivers.
Flex Industries
Brazilian electronics manufacturer Flex Industries operates a production complex in Manaus, employing over 1300 workers. The manufacturing plant is responsible for the assembly of circuit boards, production notebook components, electronics components, video cameras, video monitors, media player parts and satellite signal receivers. The company supplies components for brands that include LG, Sony, Philips, Sky and Panasonic.
GBR Componentes
Brazilian electronics manufacturer GBR Componentes operates an industrial facility in the city of Manaus, with close to 300 employees. The manufacturing plant is responsible for the production of portable computers, assembly of circuit boards and satellite signal receivers.
Terra Amazônia
Brazilian electronics manufacturer Terra Amazônia operates an industrial facility in the city of Manaus, with over 740 employees. The manufacturing plant is responsible for the production of portable computers, desktops, assembly of circuit boards and media player parts.
H-Buster
Brazilian electronics manufacturer H-Buster operates an industrial complex in the city of Manaus, with over 330 employees. The manufacturing plant is responsible for the production of portable computers, media players, TV sets and assembly of circuit boards.
LG
South-Korean electronics giant LG operates a manufacturing plant in the Industrial Pole of Manaus, with 2800 registered employees. The facility is responsible for the production of TV sets, media players, stereo systems and appliances.
Microsoft
North-American technology giant Microsoft operates a manufacturing plant in Manaus, with close to 2300 registered employees. The 8000 square meter industrial complex is responsible for the production of Nokia smartphones and videogame consoles.
Panasonic
Japanese electronics giant Panasonic owns an industrial complex in Manaus, with 1200 employees. The manufacturing plant is responsible for the assembly of circuit boards and production of media players, TV sets, home-theater sets, stereos and appliances.
Philco
North-American electronics giant Philco operates a manufacturing plant in Manaus, with 700 registered employees. The facility is responsible for the production of desktops, portable computers, tablets and TV sets.
Pioneer
North-American electronics manufacturer Pioneer operates two manufacturing plants in Manaus, with a combined number of 540 employees. The facilities are responsible for the assembly of circuit boards and production of media players, car audio equipment and video cameras.
Samsung
South-Korean electronics giant Samsung operates an industry complex in the Manaus Free Trade Zone, with a total number of 2300 employees. The 10 thousand square meter manufacturing plant is responsible for the production of tablets, smartphone, media players, video cameras, computer monitors, TV sets and appliances.
Semp Toshiba
Japan headquartered electronics giant Semp Toshiba operates a manufacturing plant in Manaus, with over 1700 employees. The 18 thousand square meter facility is responsible for the production of computer components, assembly of circuit boards, computer monitors and media players.
Sony
Japanese electronics giant Sony operates an industrial complex in Manaus, with over 2100 employees. The manufacturing plant is responsible for the assembly of circuit boards, media players, car audio equipment, TV sets, home theater sets, video cameras and videogame consoles.
Philips
Dutch electronics giant Philips operates two manufacturing facilities in Manaus, with over 1500 registered employees. The plants are responsible for the production of media players, car audio equipment, stereo sets, home theater sets and TV sets.